shawl_who said:
FEC of 12th TP now increased to 32700
More space is created now
hya
11680 H 32700
FEC or Symbol rate ?
The Bandwidth Available and the Symbol Rate
pc screenshot
The carrier on the satellite is made up of a sequence of pulses joined together to make a continuous signal. Each pulse is a symbol. According to the modulation method, each symbol represents 1, 2, 3, etc bits of transmission rate data.
In phase shift keying (PSK) modulation, each pulse is a burst of carrier signal with its sine wave-zero crossing point timing adjusted forwards or backwards in time to constitute a phase shift. Phase shifts of 180° apply in BPSK and 90° in QPSK. A phase shift of 90° represents a time shift of 1/4 of a full cycle of the sine wave. The closer the spacing phase shifts, the more difficult the distinction between them at the receive end. So for each higher-order PSK scheme, a higher carrier-to-noise ratio is required.
As a general rule, if you have bandwidth to spare, use a lower-order modulation or a lowrate FEC (like 1/2 or 2/3) to spread out the signal. If you have power to spare, use a higherorder modulation and/or a higher-rate FEC (like 3/4 or 7/8).
Ideally, you would want to use all of the available bandwidth and power simultaneously. If you use larger receive dishes, you will always be able to increase the system capacity. If you are doing a point-to-point link, it is worth using larger dishes. If you have thousands of receive dishes, the aggregate cost of these is significant and you will want to allow smaller sizes even though this reduces system capacity and increases space segment costs.
FEC is applied to the customer’s information data at the transmit end, so transmission data rate = customer information rate x 1/FEC rate.
FEC rate is typically 0.5 to 0.9, so the transmission data rate is always significantly higher than the customer information rate. The symbol rate is related to other quantities as per the following relationship:
SR = DR/(m x CRv x CRrs)
where SR is the symbol rate, DR is the data rate (or the customer information rate), CRv is the Viterbi FEC code rate (typically, 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, or 7/8), CRrs is the Reed Soloman FEC code rate (typically, 168/204), and ‘m’ is the modulation factor or transmission rate bits per symbol (BPSK=1, QPSK=2, 8PSK=3, etc).
On a spectrum analyser, the 3dB bandwidth is approximately the same as the symbol rate