As India’s largest city, Mumbai has 13 million inhabitants. Scientists project that by the year 2020, Mumbai’s population will swell to 28 million, making it the world’s most populous city.
Every day in Mumbai, more than 200 trains make over 2,000 trips along 300 kilometres of track, carrying more passengers per kilometre than any railway on earth.
Mumbai’s trains alone carry six million people per day—equivalent to the entire population of Israel.
Mumbai trains were built to hold 1700 passengers, but they often carry three times that number, leading to such notorious crowding that railways have given peak hours a special name: the Super Dense Crush Load. In order to keep women out of the Super Dense Crush, Mumbai offers one of the world’s few rail lines exclusively for women—the Ladies Special.
In the Central Traffic Control Room, the electronic map fills an entire wall and shows the movement of every train on the system, in real time. At peak hours in the Western system alone, 409 trains move along just four tracks, meaning that one delay will also affect the dozens of following trains—and each of the car’s 4500 passengers.
Every year in Mumbai, 3500 people die on the train tracks—an average of ten per day. Although there are pedestrian overpasses at every station, many passengers chose to save a few minutes by crossing the tracks instead—a dangerous decision.
Crossing the train tracks in Mumbai can be quite hazardous, but the trains themselves are extremely safe—the city has one of the best safety records in all of India. On the Western line, not a single crash has occurred in living memory.
Over the next four years, 35000 anti-collision device (ACD) units will be installed across India to prevent trains from reaching within a set distance of each other—not only helping to reduce accidents, but also increasing rail capacity.
Instead of receiving electricity from a third rail, Mumbai is powered by miles of wire that run above the tracks, carrying electricity through a complex network of substations. This DC system was installed in 1925, making it India’s first—and now most outdated—electric rail system.